I-Varicella (Chickenpox): Ukuphazamiseka Okuphakeme Kwezingane Okuchazwe

I-Varicella, eyaziwa kakhulu njenge-chickenpox, iyinkinga yokutheleleka kwe-virus okuphakeme okubangelwa yi-varicella-zoster virus (VZV), ilungu lomndeni we-herpesvirus. Kwakuwumkhuba owawubhekwa njengokugula kwezingane okwandile ngaphambi kokwethulwa kwemithi yokuvikela esebenzayo. Lesi sifo sichazwa ngokuphazamiseka okukhukhumelelayo okukhula kube ama-blisters agcwele uhlobo lwe-fluid ngaphambi kokuba aqinise futhi aphole. Ngenkathi i-chickenpox ivamise ukuba lula ezinganeni eziphilile, ingadala izinkinga ezinzima ezincane, kubantu abadala, abesifazane abakhulelwe, kanye nabantu abanezimfanelo zokuvikela eziphansi.

I-chickenpox ivamise ukuba iqale ngezinsuku ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2 zokushisa, ukukhathala, ikhanda, nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla ngaphambi kokuba kuvele umkhuhlane ophawulekayo. Umkhuhlane uqala njengamaphuzu amancane abomvu aphendukela ngokushesha ezindaweni eziphakeme, bese kuba namavesi agcwele umswakama abonakala njengemibimbi emincane. Emavikini ambalwa alandelayo, le mibimbi iyaphuka, iphuma umswakama, futhi yakha izikhumba ezinzima njengoba ilulama. Isici esihlukile se-chickenpox ukuthi ama-lesions ezinyathelweni ezahlukene avele ngesikhathi esifanayo emzimbeni, ngakho ungabona amaphuzu, imibimbi, nezikhumba zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa.

I-varicella ingenye yezifo ezithathelwana kalula kakhulu ezaziwayo, e-spreadayo kalula nge-droplets zokuphefumula uma umuntu ogulayo ekhwehlela, ekhwehlela, noma ekhuluma. Ukuxhumana ngqo nomswakama ovela emibimbini ye-chickenpox kuyindlela enye yokudlulisa. Umuntu ogulayo uthathelana kusukela ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2 ngaphambi kokuba umkhuhlane uvele kuze kube zonke imibimbi isiphukile. Ezindlini, izinga lokudlulisa kubalimi abathintekayo likhishwa ku-80 kuya ku-90 percent.!!

Kubantwana abanempilo abaningi, ukuphathwa kwe-chickenpox kugxile ekuthuleni izimpawu nasekuvimbeleni izinkinga. I-calamine lotion, izithako zokugeza ze-oatmeal, kanye nezidakamizwa ze-antihistamine zingasiza ukuphatha ukuxhuzula okuqinile. i-aspirin akufanele inikezwe abantwana abane-chickenpox ngenxa yokuphakama kwesifo se-Reye syndrome.!! Kubantu abasha, abadala, kanye nalabo abanesikhumba esiphakeme, imithi ye-antiviral efana ne-acylovir noma i-valacyclovir inganciphisa ubukhulu nokuphakama uma iqala phakathi nezinsuku eziyi-24 zokuba umkhuhlane uvele.

Ngenkathi i-chickenpox ivamise ukuba lula kubantwana abanempilo, izinkinga zingaba zibi futhi kwesinye isikhathi zibe yingozi empilweni. Ukuhlushwa kwezinso zomzimba okuvela ekuqhwakeni kwemibimbi kuyinkinga ejwayelekile, engaholela ekubeni ne-cellulitis noma izilonda. Izinkinga ezinzima zifaka phakathi i-pneumonia, i-encephalitis, kanye nezifo ezithathelwana ngegazi.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe abathola i-chickenpox babhekana nezingozi kubo kanye nengane engakazalwa. Abantu abane-immune compromised bakhulu kakhulu emngcwabeni, bephila ngesifo esinzima esibanzi.

I-vaccine ye-varicella, eyethulwa phakathi kweminyaka yama-1990, yehlisile kakhulu ukuvela nokuphakama kwe-chickenpox emhlabeni jikelele. Uhlelo olujwayelekile lokuvaccination luhlanganisa izigaba ezimbili, zokuqala ezinyangeni eziyi-12 kuya kweziyi-15, kanti eyesibili ezinyangeni eziyi-4 kuya kweziyi-6. Ukuvaccine kuyi-90 percent ephumelelayo ekuvimbeleni i-chickenpox ngokuphelele futhi cishe kuyi-100 percent ephumelelayo ekuvimbeleni isifo esinzima. Ngisho nabantu abathola i-chickenpox emva kokuvaccine bavame ukuba nesifo esilula kakhulu.

Ngemuva kokuba umuntu uphumelele ekuguleni kwe-chickenpox, i-varicella-zoster virus ayishiyi umzimba kodwa iba yindlala eziceleni zezinzwa eduze kwe-spinal cord nekhanda. Emva kweminyaka noma amakhulu, i-virus ingavuselela futhi ibangele i-herpes zoster, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi yi-shingles, eproducing umphumela ophukile obuhlungu ohlangothini lwe-nerve dermatome olulodwa. Ubungozi be-shingles buyanda ngokuhamba kweminyaka nangokuhlangabezana nanoma iyiphi isimo esinciphisa uhlelo lokuzivikela. I-vaccine ye-shingles manje isiyelulekwa kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50.

Lapho ubhekene nomphumela ophukile ongase ube yi-chickenpox, ukuba nendlela yokubhala phansi nokuhlaziya lezi zimo ngokubona kungaba usizo kakhulu. I-Skinscanner ikuvumela ukuthi uthwebule izinguquko zezikhumba futhi uthole ukuhlaziywa okwenziwa yi-AI okungasiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-rashes nezimo ze-vesicular. Ukulandela inqubekela phambili ye-lesions ngezinyathelo zayo ezahlukene kunikeza ulwazi oluwusizo ongabelana ngalo nomhlinzeki wezempilo. Nakuba i-chickenpox kufanele ihlaziywe njalo ngochwepheshe bezempilo, i-Skinscanner isebenza njengethuluzi elibalulekile lokuhlola kokuqala nokubheka okuqhubekayo.