Iyini i-Lichen Planus?
I-Lichen planus iyisimo sokuvuvukala esingapheli esingathinta isikhumba, imithambo yokuphefumula, amakhanda, kanye nezinwele. Ibonakala ngama-papule aphephuli, anemigqa emhlophe efana nenethi (Wickham's striae) ebusweni. Lesi simo sihamba phambili ngokuvikela, asithinteki, futhi sithinta cishe u-1–2% wabantu — ikakhulukazi abantu abadala phakathi kweminyaka engu-30 no-60. Sithinta bobabili ubulili ngokulinganayo, nakuba i-oral lichen planus ingase ibonakale ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane.
Izimbangela kanye nePathogenesis
I-Lichen planus iyaphendula ku-T-cell-mediated autoimmune reaction eqondiswe emgqeni weseli ye-basal yesikhumba. Izimbangela eziqondile azikaziwa kahle. Kukhona ukuhlanganiswa nokutheleleka kwe-hepatitis C, emithini ethile (beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs), ukugcwalisa kwe-dental amalgam, kanye nezinto ezibangela ukuvuvukala.
Ukucindezeleka kungakhulisa ukuvuvukala. Kubhekwa ukuthi kukhona ingxenye ye-genetic, njengoba lesi simo sitholakala emindenini. I-Drug-induced lichenoid reactions ingafana ne-idiopathic lichen planus futhi kufanele icatshangelwe ekwahluleleni.
Izimpawu kanye Nezimo
Ama-5 Ps ajwayelekile achaza izilonda zesikhumba: pruritic (ezishisayo), polygonal, planar (eziphezulu), aphephuli, kanye nama-papule. Izindawo ezithandwayo zifaka phakathi izandla, ama-forearms, ama-ankles, kanye ne-back yangaphansi. I-oral lichen planus ibonakala njengezikhukhula ezimhlophe (reticular pattern), ukuvuvukala, noma ama-ulcerations emithanjeni yokuphefumula, ulimi, noma imilomo.
Ukuthinteka kwamakhanda kungafaka phakathi ukujula, ukuncipha, noma ukulahleka okuphelele kwamakhanda. I-Koebner phenomenon — ukuvela kwezilonda ezintsha ezindaweni zokucindezela — kuvamile futhi kungachaza ukusabalala ngokuhamba kwezimpawu zokugwaza noma imigqa ye-belt.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ekubonakaleni kwesimo — izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-Wickham's striae ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kwe-dermatoscopy zivame ukuba yizinkomba. I-biopsy yesikhumba iqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ikhombisa ukungena kwe-lymphocytic okukhombisa umfanekiso ophakathi nendawo onobungozi bokulimala kumakheratinocytes asezingeni eliphansi (interface dermatitis). Ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-oral lichen planus, i-biopsy ibalulekile ukuze kuhlukaniswe nezinguquko eziphakeme. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hepatitis C kuyas recommended, njengoba ubudlelwano buqinisekisiwe ezifundweni eziningi.!!
Izinketho Zokwelapha
Ama-corticosteroids aphakeme aphakanyiswa njengokwelashwa kokuqala kwe-cutaneous lichen planus. Ama-steroids anamandla aphezulu afana ne-clobetasol propionate asetshenziswa ezilimalayo zesikhumba, kanti amafomula alula afaneleka kumamukeli omzimba. Abavimbeli be-calcineurin (tacrolimus, pimecrolimus) banikeza inketho engasenziwa nge-steroid, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zomlomo nezokwelapha.
Ukuze kuthathwe izinyathelo ezibanzi, ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kungase kubhekwe: ama-corticosteroids omlomo, ama-retinoids (acitretin), methotrexate, noma i-phototherapy (UVB, PUVA). Ama-antihistamines asiza ekwehliseni ukushisa.
Uhlaka Nokubikezela
I-cutaneous lichen planus ivamise ukuba yisimo esizithiba, esixazululwa kubantu abaningi phakathi kweminyaka engu-1–2, nakuba ingashiya i-hyperpigmentation yokuphuma. I-oral lichen planus ivame ukuhamba ngohambo olude oludinga ukuphathwa kwesikhathi eside — njengoba izinhlobo ezishisayo zinezingozi ezincane zokuguqulwa zibe i-squamous cell carcinoma, ukuqapha okujwayelekile kubalulekile.!! Izinguquko ezithinta izinzipho zingahlala. Ukuphindaphinda kungenzeka, kodwa ukubikezela okujwayelekile kuhle.
Indlela i-AI Skin Analysis Engasiza Ngayo
Izimpawu ezihlukile ze-purple, eziphakeme eziphezulu ze-lichen planus zingahluleka ukufaniswa nezinye izimo zokuvuvukala ezifana ne-psoriasis, ukuvuvukala kwemithi, noma i-eczema. I-Skinscanner ihlaziya umbala, ifomu, nokusatshalaliswa kwezilimalayo zesikhumba sakho ukusiza ukuthola ukuthi izimpawu zakho zihambisana ne-lichen planus. Ukuqopha izithombe njalo kukuvumela ukuba ulandelele ukuhamba kwezilimalayo ezikhona, uthole ezisha masisha, futhi uqaphe impendulo yakho ekwelashweni phakathi kwezinsuku nezinyanga.
Le timeline yokubona ibalulekile kakhulu ekuphatheni isimo esingase sibe nesikhathi esinzima. Kulabo abanokuphuma kokuvuvukala ngemva kokuthi i-lichen planus ixazululiwe, i-Skinscanner ingakusiza uqaphe ukuhamba kancane. I-Skinscanner ayithathi indawo yokuhlola kwe-dermatologic noma i-biopsy — okungase kudingeke ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okuqondile — kodwa inikeza ukuhlolwa kokuphakanyiswa kokuqala nokuxhaswa okuqhubekayo.
