I-Dermatofibroma: I-Nodule Yesikhumba Eqinile Ebonisa I-Dimple Uma Uyicindezela

IDermatofibroma — eyaziwa nangokuthi i-benign fibrous histiocytoma noma i-histiocytoma cutis — iyikhula lesikhumba elivamile, elingenabungozi elakhiwe ngokuqhamuka kokuxubana kwefibroblasts, collagen, kanye ne-histiocytes, okwakha i-nodule eqinile, ejikelezayo ngaphakathi kwe-dermis. Lezi zikhula zihlala zenzeka kakhulu ezimeni zokwelapha isikhumba, zenza cishe amaphesenti amathathu kuwo wonke amakhophi esikhumba athunyelwa ukuze ahlaziywe ngokwezifo. AmaDermatofibromas avame ukuvela njengama-nodules aqinile, ajikelezayo kuya kumjikelezo, anobubanzi obuphakathi kuka-5 no-10 millimitha, nakuba angafinyelela emakhilomitha amabili noma ngaphezulu.

Zizwakala njengomgqomo omncane, oqinile ogxilile esikhumbeni — oqinile kakhulu kunezicubu ezizungezile. Isikhumba esingaphezulu singaba nombala wesikhumba, pinki, obomvu-brown, noma i-hyperpigmented, futhi ubuso bayo ngokuvamile buhlanzekile, nakuba kungase kube ne-scaly noma shiny kancane. AmaDermatofibromas avame kakhulu ezithweni eziphansi, ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni nasezitheni, nakuba angathuthukiswa noma kuphi emzimbeni.

Zivame kakhulu kwabesifazane kunezindoda, iningi livela kubantu abasha kuya kwabaphakathi kweminyaka engu-20 no-50. Lezi zikhula ngokuvamile zihlala zodwa — ukuba nezinye kuyajwayeleka, kodwa ama-dermatofibromas amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa angase ahlotshaniswe nokuncipha kokuvikela. Uma sezakhiwe, amaDermatofibromas ngokujwayelekile ayizinto ezihlala njalo futhi zizinzile, zingakhuli kakhulu noma zixazululeka ngokuzumayo.

Imbangela ethile yeDermatofibromas ayikakhulumi kahle, kodwa kukholakala kabanzi ukuthi imele ukukhula kwefibrous okuphendulayo — ngokuyisisekelo, ukukhula okweqile kwesikhumba esifana nezilonda — okubangelwa ukulimala okuncane kwesikhumba. Abaningi beziguli bangakhumbula ukulunywa yinyoni, ukushaywa yithambo, ukugwazwa, uk cuts okuncane, noma i-folliculitis endaweni lapho iDermatofibroma yathuthukiswa khona, okuqinisekisa umqondo wokuthi kukhona okuphendulayo. Umqondo uthi ukulimala okuncane noma ukulunywa yinyoni kubangela ukuphendula kokuvuvukala okukhawulelwe, futhi ngesikhathi sokuphola, amafibroblasts nezinye izicubu zikhula ngokweqile, zenza i-nodule eqinile ye-fibrous tissue ehlala isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuthi umthombo wokuqala usuxazululiwe.

Nokho, amaDermatofibromas amaningi avele ngaphandle kokulimala okukhombisayo, okuveza ukuthi ezinye izinto zisebenza. Ukuthonywa kwe-hormonal kungase kube nomthelela — ukuvela okukhulu kwabesifazane nokuvamile ukuvela noma ukwandiswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kusekela le mbono. Uhlelo lokuvikela luphinde lubonakale lunendima, njengoba abantu abane-immunosuppression ngenxa yokutheleleka kwe-HIV, ukuhlinzwa kwezitho, noma imishanguzo yokunciphisa ukuvikelwa banokuthanda okukhulu kokuthuthukisa amaDermatofibromas amaningi.

Kukhona nokungathandeki kwezizukulwane, njengoba abanye abantu bethola amaDermatofibromas amaningi kuyilapho abanye bengatholi nakanye naphezu kokuthola okufanayo kokulimala okuncane kwesikhumba. Ezingeni lesicubu, amaDermatofibromas aqukethe inhlanganisela ye-fibroblasts, ama-myofibroblasts, ama-histiocytes, kanye nezicubu zokuvuvukala ezihlelwe ngendlela ehlukile ye-storiform (whorled) ngaphakathi kwe-dermis. I-lesion ivame ukufinyelela kwi-subcutaneous fat futhi ibambe ama-collagen bundles azungezile emaphethelweni ayo, kwakha ubukhali obuhlukile bama-nodules la.

Isici esihlukile kakhulu seklinikhi seDermatofibroma yisibonakaliso se-dimple esiyingqayizivele — esibizwa nangokuthi isibonakaliso seFitzpatrick noma isibonakaliso se-buttonhole. Uma uphonsa isikhumba esingaphezulu kweDermatofibroma phakathi kwezinyawo zakho, i-lesion ibonisa isimo esijwayelekile sokudimela noma ukuhamba ngaphakathi esikhundleni sokuphuma ngaphandle njengoba ama-lesions amaningi akhuphukayo engakwenza.!! Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba amaDermatofibromas axhunywe kwi-dermis ezungezile ngama-tentacle-like extensions, futhi uk压迫 lateral kubangela ukuthi i-lesion idonswe phansi kwi-subcutaneous tissue.

Isibonakaliso se-dimple sikhombisa kakhulu ukuthi singasungula i-diagnosis ye-clinical ezimeni eziningi, nakuba singekho ngokuphelele — ama-lesions amabi angavame ukukhiqiza isibonakaliso esifanayo. Ngaphandle kwesibonakaliso se-dimple, ezinye izici eziningi ziyasiza ekukhetheni amaDermatofibromas. Ziqinile kakhulu uma zicindezelwa — ziqinile kunezikhumba ezizungezile kanye nezinye izikhumba ezingenabungozi.

Isikhumba esingaphezulu sivame ukubonisa umbala obomvu obungase ube mnyama uma uthola ilanga. Ku-dermoscopy, amaDermatofibromas akhombisa iphethini ehlukile: indawo emhlophe esezingeni eliphakathi ethokozisa i-pigment network ethokozisayo, kwesinye isikhathi echazwa njengokubukeka njengendawo emhlophe ezungezwe umjikelezo obomvu. Le phateni ihluke kumjikelezo we-pigment obonwa kuma-lesions e-melanocytic futhi iyaziwa kubachwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe. Ukubamba amaDermatofibromas ngaphakathi kwe-dermis kuyisici esihlukile — zinyakaza nesikhumba uma usilungisa phezu kwezicubu eziphansi kodwa zizwakala ziqinile ngaphakathi kwesikhumba uqobo, ngokuhlukile kuma-lipomas aphumile ngaphansi kwesikhumba.

Ngenkathi amaDermatofibromas engabungozi, ezinye izimo ezikhathazayo zingase zifanekiswe nokubukeka kwazo futhi kufanele zihlukaniswe ngokucophelela. I-Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) iyitumu ye-soft tissue eyingozi, engavamile, engase ibonakale ekuqaleni njengeDermatofibroma. I-DFSP ivame ukuba nkulu, ikhula ngokushesha, futhi ivame ukutholakala emzimbeni kunasemathangeni.

Ngokwehlukile namaDermatofibromas, i-DFSP ifinyelela ngokujulile kwi-subcutaneous tissue nasemafasci, inezinga eliphezulu lokuphindaphinda ngemuva kokususa, futhi ingase ibangele ukuhamba. Noma iyiphi i-nodule ekhula ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha amabili, ikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, noma ibanjwe ezakhiweni ezijulile ifuna i-biopsy ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-DFSP.!! I-melanoma ingavame ukuvela njenge-nodule eqinile, enombala, engase ibonakale njengeDermatofibroma eline-hyperpigmented.

Izici eziphakamisa i-melanoma zifaka ukungalingani, imikhawulo engajwayelekile, ukwehluka kombala okuhlanganisa okwesibhakabhaka-obomvu noma okumpunga, kanye nezinguquko zakamuva osayizi noma izimpawu. Isibonakaliso se-dimple ngokuvamile asikho kwi-melanoma. I-basal cell carcinoma, ikakhulukazi i-morpheaform noma i-nodular subtypes, ingavela njenge-nodule eqinile, enombala wesikhumba.

Bheka izici ezithokozisayo, i-telangiectasias ebusweni, kanye nokungabi khona kwesibonakaliso se-dimple. I-Merkel cell carcinoma ingavela njenge-nodule eqinile, ekhula ngokushesha, ebomvu ukuya ku-violet, ikakhulukazi esikhumbeni esitholakala elangeni kubantu abadala. Noma iyiphi i-nodule yesikhumba ekhula ngokushesha, ishintsha isimo, ibuhlungu, igcwala, noma ibhujiswa kufanele ibe ne-biopsy ngaphandle kokubheka ukuthi ibukeka kanjani njengeDermatofibroma ejwayelekile. Umongo ubalulekile — i-nodule eqinile kumuntu ongenakho ukuvikelwa noma umuntu onomlando we-skin cancer idinga umkhawulo ophansi we-biopsy.

Ngoba ama-dermatofibromas ayizinto ezingezona ezimbi futhi azinayo ingozi yokuguqulwa kube yingozi, ukwelashwa akudingeki ngokwezokwelapha. Abaningi babaguli bafunda ukuphila nama-dermatofibromas abo uma sebeqonda ubunjalo obungelona obubi bokukhula. Nokho, ukususa kungase kudingeke ngezizathu eziningi: ukukhathazeka kokubukeka, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezibonakalayo ezifana nezinyawo noma izandla; ukuphazamiseka okuqhubekayo ngenxa yokugaya, ukuhlinzwa kwezingubo, noma ukulimala okuqhubekayo; ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo noma ubuhlungu (ama-dermatofibromas athile angakhathaza uma ecindezelwa); ukungaqiniseki kokuhlola lapho kudingeka i-biopsy ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi akukho okukhathazayo; noma ukukhathazeka okukhulu komguli naphezu kokuthula.

Ukususwa okuphelele kokuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokwelashwa eqinisekisiwe kodwa kuza nenkinga ebalulekile: ngoba ama-dermatofibromas angenelela kakhulu kwi-dermis futhi kwesinye isikhathi nasemafutheni angaphansi kwesikhumba, ukususa okuphelele kudinga ukusika kakhulu, okuholela ekubeni nesibazi sokuhlinzwa esingase sibe sobala kakhulu kunesikhumba sokuqala — ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni, lapho ukuphola kwesibazi kuvame ukuba kancane futhi kubonakala kakhulu. Abaguli kufanele bacebise ngalesi sikhumbuzo ngaphambi kokuhamba phambili. Ukususwa kokugaya (ukususa okuphakanyisiwe) kususa ingxenye ebonakalayo ye-dermatofibroma eqondile noma ngaphansi kwesikhumba, kushiya isibazi esiphakeme.

Nokho, ngenxa yokuthi ingxenye ejulile ihlala, izinga lokuphindaphinda liphansi — libikwa ku-20 percent noma ngaphezulu. I-Cryotherapy nge-nitrogen liquid inganciphisa ama-dermatofibromas kodwa ivame ukungasusi ngokuphelele futhi ingase ishiywe nezimpawu eziphansi. Ukwelashwa kwe-laser kusebenze ngempumelelo ehlukahlukene. Kubaguli abaningi, indlela ehlakaniphile ukuhamba phambili ngokubheka ngokuqinisekisa, ukugcina ukususa kwezingxenye ezibuhlungu, ezingenakuhlolwa, noma ezibangela ukukhathazeka okukhulu kokubukeka.

Ukuthola umphumela oqinile esikhumbeni sakho kulungile kukhuphula imibuzo futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukukhathazeka. Ingabe kuyinto engalungile ye-dermatofibroma, noma kungase kube okuthile okukhulu? I-Skinscanner inikeza ukuhlaziywa okusheshayo okuqhutshwa yi-AI uma uthatha isithombe se-nodule yesikhumba esikhathazayo, ihlola izici ezifana nombala, ifomu, izici zomkhawulo, kanye nesikhumba ukuze kusizakale ukuthola ukuthi le nodule iyahambisana ne-dermatofibroma engelona elibi noma ibonisa izici ezidinga ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe.

I-AI ingakwazi ukubona amaphethini ajwayelekile ahlobene nama-dermatofibromas — ukushintsha okubomvu, ifomu elijwayelekile elijikelezayo, kanye nesikhumba esishelelayo — futhi ihlukanise lawo maphuzu kumaphethini akhombisa izinkinga ezinjenge-dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans noma i-melanoma. Kubantu abanama-dermatofibromas amaningi, i-Skinscanner isiza ukuqapha izindawo ezikhona ngezinguquko futhi ibone ukukhula okusha okuhlukile kumaphethini akhona. Nakuba isibonakaliso esijwayelekile se-dimple singahlolwa kuphela ngokuqoshwa, izici ezibonakalayo ezitholakala esithombeni esikhiqizwayo sinikeza ulwazi olubalulekile lokuhlola.

I-Skinscanner ikakhulukazi iyasiza njengethuluzi lokuhlola lokuqala kumkhuba ojwayelekile wokuthola umphumela omusha oqinile futhi ufuna ukuqondiswa okusheshayo kokuthi kudingeka ukuhlolwa okuphuthumayo. Ayikhubazi ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha — noma iyiphi i-nodule ekhula, iguquka, ibonisa izimpawu, noma ekhathaza naphezu kokuthula kwe-AI kufanele ihlolwe udokotela wesikhumba ongakwazi ukwenza i-palpation, i-dermoscopy, kanye ne-biopsy uma kudingeka.