Isifo sikaBowen: Ukuqonda i-Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Situ

Isifo sikaBowen, esaziwa nangokuthi squamous cell carcinoma in situ, yisimo sesikhumba esingakabi ne-cancer lapho ama-cell angajwayelekile ekhona kwi-epidermis kodwa engakangeneli ezindaweni ezijulile zesikhumba. Leli sifo limele isimo sokuqala se-squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) futhi kwesinye isikhathi lichazwa njengokuthi yi-cancer yesikhumba engakabi ne-invasive. Lesi sifo sokuqala sachazwa udokotela wesikhumba uJohn T.

Bowen ngo-1912 futhi sivame ukubonakala kubantu abamhlophe abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60. Nakuba isifo sikaBowen sikhula kancane futhi sivame ukuhlala phezulu iminyaka, sinesibalo esingama-3 kuya kwangu-5 percent sokuhamba phambili kube yi-squamous cell carcinoma ehlaselayo uma singaphathwa.

Isifo sikaBowen sivame ukuvela njengendawo ebomvu noma enombala ophuzi, enezinhlayiya ezicacile esikhumbeni. Indawo ethintekayo ivame ukuba maphakathi noma ibheke phezulu kancane futhi ingaba nosayizi ophakathi kwemilimitha embalwa kuya kumacentimeter ambalwa. Le ndawo ingavela ibukeka ifana ne-crusty, flaky, noma ibonakale ithambile, futhi ayilashwa noma iyaphela ngokwayo.

Ivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezithintekayo elangeni ezifana nezinyawo eziphansi, izandla, ikhanda, kanye nekhanda, kodwa ingavela noma kuphi emzimbeni kuhlanganise nezindawo ezingathintwanga ilanga. Ngoba ibukeka kakhulu njengezinye izimo ezivamile zesikhumba ezifana ne-eczema, psoriasis, noma ukutheleleka kwefungal, isifo sikaBowen sivame ukungaqondwa kahle noma ukuhoxiswa isikhathi eside.!!

Imbangela eyinhloko yesifo sikaBowen ukulimala okuhlanganisiwe kwe-ultraviolet radiation ngenxa yokuthola ilanga iminyaka. Abantu abamhlophe abachithe isikhathi esiningi ngaphandle ngaphandle kokuvikela ilanga kahle baphakathi kobungozi obukhulu. Ukuqhubeka kokuthintana ne-arsenic, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kudlula emanzini okuphuza angcolile, ukuthintana emsebenzini, noma emithini ethile, kuhlotshaniswa nokwakheka kwesifo sikaBowen, kwesinye isikhathi kuvela amashumi eminyaka ngemva kokuthintana kokuqala.

Ukuncipha kwemvelo ngenxa yemithi yokuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, noma izimo ezifana ne-HIV kukhuphula kakhulu ubungozi. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-human papillomavirus (HPV), ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ze-HPV 16 no-18, zixhunywe nesifo sikaBowen ezindaweni ze-genital ne-perianal. Ukwelashwa ngokuqhuba endaweni ethile yesikhumba kungaphinde kube nomthelela kulolu sifo.

Nakuba isifo sikaBowen sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi siyi-precancerous, kuchazwa kahle kakhulu njengokuthi yi-cancer esigabeni sayo sokuqala nesilashwayo. Ama-cell angajwayelekile asevele e-cancer ngokwemvelo kodwa ahlala encike kwi-epidermis, engekho umthombo wegazi noma ukuhamba kwe-lymphatic, okusho ukuthi ukusabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba akukwaziwa kuleli zinga. Uma singaphathwa, cishe ama-3 kuya kwangu-5 percent wezimo zesifo sikaBowen zizohamba phambili kube yi-squamous cell carcinoma ehlaselayo, lapho ama-cell e-cancer edlula kwi-basement membrane futhi engena kwi-dermis.!!

Uma ukuhlasela kwenzeka, i-cancer ithola ukufinyelela ezitokisini zegazi kanye ne-lymphatics futhi inethuba lokuhamba phambili. Lokhu kungukuthi udokotela wesikhumba uncoma ukuwaphatha isifo sikaBowen ngokushesha kunokulinda.

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikaBowen kuvame ukuqala ngokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngudokotela wezokwelapha obona isikhumba esibomvu, esinokhuni. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kungaveza amaphethini athile afana nezitsha ze-glomerular ezihlelwe ngamaqoqo, okwenza kube lula ukuhlukanisa isifo sikaBowen nezinye izimo. Nokho, izinga eliyigugu lokuxilongwa yisampuli yesikhumba, lapho kuthathwa isampuli encane yesikhumba esithintekile bese ihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope.

Le sampuli ibonisa ukwehluka okuphelele kwe-epidermis okuhlanganisa ama-keratinocytes angajwayelekile kuyo yonke i-epidermis kodwa ibhande le-basement elingathintekanga, kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaseli angajwayelekile awakafiki ezindaweni ezijulile. Le kuqinisekiswa kwe-histological kubalulekile ngoba izimo eziningi ezithambile nezimbi zingase zifanekise ukubonakala kwezokwelapha kwesifo sikaBowen.

Izindlela eziningi ezisebenzayo zokwelapha zikhona zesifo sikaBowen, futhi ukukhetha kuncike osayizi, indawo, nenani lezindawo ezithintekile kanye nempilo yonke yomuntu. Izindlela zokwelapha ezibhalwe phansi ezifana ne-5-fluorouracil cream noma i-imiquimod cream zisetshenziswa ngqo endaweni ethintekile phakathi nezinsuku ezithile futhi zisebenza ngokubulala amaseli angajwayelekile ngenkathi kugcinwa isikhumba esijwayelekile. I-cryotherapy, ethinta ukuncibilika kwendawo ethintekile ngamanzi abandayo, iyinqubo esheshayo ehlinzekwa ehhovisi efanelekile ezindaweni ezincane.

I-photodynamic therapy isebenzisa i-cream ethinta ukukhanya elandelwa ukuvezwa kumkhawulo othile wokukhanya ukuze ibulale amaseli angajwayelekile futhi ikakhulukazi iyasiza ezindaweni ezinkulu. I-curettage ne-cautery ihlanganisa ukususa isikhumba esithintekile bese kuvalwa indawo ngoshisa. Ukuqedwa kokuhlinzwa kungase kuphakamise izindawo eziphikisana nezinye izindlela zokwelapha noma lapho kuqinisekiswa kwe-histological kokususa okuphelele kudingeka.

Ukuvimbela isifo sikaBowen kugxile ekwehliseni umonakalo we-sun owakhiwe ngokusebenzisa njalo i-sunscreen ye-broad-spectrum, ukugqoka izingubo zokuvikela nezihlahla, nokugwema ukuvezwa kwelanga isikhathi eside phakathi nezinsuku eziphezulu ze-UV. Abantu abanomlando wesifo sikaBowen kufanele babe nezinsuku zokuhlola isikhumba njalo ngoba baphakathi kwengozi yokuthola ezinye izindawo ezithintekile kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze-hud cancer. Ukuhlolwa kwenyanga ngenyanga kusiza ukubamba izindawo ezintsha noma eziphindaphindayo kusenesikhathi, futhi noma iyiphi indawo ebomvu noma enokhuni eqhubeka nokungaphenduli kumaphilisi noma ezokwelapha ezibhalwe phansi kufanele ihlolwe ngudokotela wezokwelapha. I-Skinscanner ingakusiza ukuthi ubheke isikhumba sakho ngezindawo ezintsha noma ezishintshayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okwenza kube lula ukubona izimpawu zokuqala zezimo ezifana nesifo sikaBowen futhi ikukhuthaze ukuthi uthole ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngesikhathi.