Nodular Melanoma: Uhlobo Olukhulu Lwenkohlakalo Yesikhumba

I-nodular melanoma yindlela yesibini edumileyo ye-melanoma, ibalelwa malunga neepesenti ezili-15 ukuya kwezi-20 zezibalo ze-melanoma. Ngokungafaniyo ne-superficial spreading melanoma, ekhula ibheke ngaphandle kwi-skin ngaphambi kokungena kwiilayini ezinzulu, i-nodular melanoma ingena ngokuthe ngqo kwi-skin ukusukela ekuqaleni. Le ndlela yokukhula ngokuthe ngqo iyenza ibe yindlela ephosa kakhulu nebinobungozi ye-melanoma. Ibonakala ngokubanzi njengemphunga ekhula ngokukhawuleza, enobungakanani obuphezulu okanye ibhumpu ephakanyisiweyo enokuthi ibe mnyama, mnyama, okanye ngevenkile okanye umbala wesikhumba kwiimeko ze-amelanotic.

Ubungozi be-nodular melanoma bukhona kwiindlela zayo zokukhula kunye nesantya. Njengoko ikhula phantsi kwi-skin endaweni yokusabalala phezu komhlaba, ifikelela kwiilayini ezinzulu ze-dermis ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunezinye iintlobo ze-melanoma. Ngokujolise kwiilayini ezinzulu, umngcipheko wokuba ifike kwiivenkile zegazi kunye neendlela ze-lymphatic zikhula, ivumela ukuba ibhujiswe kwiindawo ze-lymph kunye nezitho ezikude. Ngexesha i-nodular melanoma ifumaniswa, ikholisa ukuba ibhumpu ibhityile kunezinye iintlobo ze-melanoma, nto leyo edala ukuba ibalelwe kwiipesenti eziphezulu kakhulu ze-melanoma yokufa.!!

Nangona imigaqo ye-ABCDE yesiqhelo isebenza kakuhle ukufumanisa i-superficial spreading melanoma, i-nodular melanoma ikhangela ukuba ingahambelani nale migaqo. I-nodular melanomas ezininzi zihlala zilingana, zineemida ezilungileyo, kwaye zingaba ngumbala omnye olinganiselweyo, okwenza ukuba zifumaneke ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimigaqo yokuhlola ezijolise kumgangatho. Ukuze kulungiswe le ngxaki, oodermatologists baphuhlise umthetho we-EFG.

I-E imele i-Elevated, ithetha ukuba i-lesion iphakanyiswe ngaphezu komhlaba wesikhumba. I-F imele i-Firm, ibonisa ukuba i-nodule ibonakala iqinile xa ithintwa. I-G imele i-Growing, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu.!!

I-nodular melanoma ingaphuhliswa kwaye ikhulise ngokukhawuleza. Ngelixa ezinye iintlobo ze-melanoma zithatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka ukuze zibe nobungozi, i-nodular melanoma ingakhula ukusuka kwiindawo ezingabonakaliyo ukuya kwiindawo ezibulalayo kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Abanye abaguli babika ukuba ibhumpu entsha ibonakale kwaye iguquke kakhulu kwiiveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8. Le timeline ekhawulezayo igcizelela ukubaluleka kokufumana uncedo lwezempilo nakuphi na ukungabikho, okuqinileyo, okukhulayo kwi-nodule kwi-skin ngaphandle kokulibazisa.

I-nodular melanoma ibamba iimpawu ezininzi zengozi kunye nezinye iintlobo ze-melanoma, kubandakanywa nesikhumba esifanelekileyo, umlando wokushiswa ilanga, ukuchayeka kwi-UV okungapheliyo, kunye nomlando wemuli we-melanoma. Ibonakala kakhulu kubantu besilisa abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50, nangona ingenzeka kumntu wonke ngaphandle kokuba ubudala okanye ubulili. Abantu abanemibimbi emininzi okanye umlando wemibimbi engajolisi kumgangatho ophakamileyo. Ngokungafani ne-superficial spreading melanoma, eyaziwa ngokuxhomekeka kakhulu ekuchayekeni elangeni okwangoku, i-nodular melanoma ingavela kwiindawo ezichayekileyo nelanga kunye neendawo ezikhuselweyo zelanga zomzimba.

Nanyani i-lesion ephakamileyo enobungozi, eqinile kwaye ikhula kufuneka ibiyopisiwe ngokukhawuleza. I-biopsy ye-excisional epheleleyo iyakhethwa kwi-nodular melanoma enokuthi ibonakale, njengoko ivumela umphandi ukuba alinganise ngokuchanekileyo ubukhulu be-Breslow, obalulekileyo kakhulu. I-dermoscopy ingavula iimpawu ezingavela kwi-amehlo angaphandle, ezifana nezakhiwo ezimnyama-zimhlophe, iivenkile ezingalunganga, kunye neepateni ze-pigment ezingajolisi. Njengoko i-nodular melanoma ingaba yi-amelanotic okanye ibonakale ngendlela engajolisi, umphakamo ophezulu wokungabaza ubalulekile kwi-nodule eqinile, ekhula.

Ukwelashwa okuyintloko kwe-nodular melanoma kukususa ngokubanzi, apho i-tumor kunye nomda wezicubu eziphilayo ezikufutshane zisuswa ngochwepheshe. Ububanzi bomda buxhomekeke kubukhulu be-melanoma njengoko kulinganiswa nguBreslow. Kwiitumu ezinzima, i-sentinel lymph node biopsy ikhokelwa ngokuxhomekeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umhlaza usasazekile.

Iimeko eziphucukileyo zingafuna i-immunotherapy, i-targeted therapy, okanye i-radiation therapy. Ngenxa yokuba i-nodular melanoma inobuchule obuphuthumayo, ukwelashwa kufuneka kuqale ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhlolwa.

Uphando lwe-nodular melanoma luncike kakhulu kumjikelo wokuhlolwa. Xa ifunyanwa kwangexesha kwaye i-tumor incinci, iipesenti zokuphila eminyakeni emihlanu zingadlula i-90. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba i-nodular melanoma ibonwa ngokuqhelekileyo kumgangatho ophakeme kunamanye amahlobo e-melanoma, iziphumo zihlala zingafanelekanga.

Ukuhlola rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa kwesikhumba ngochwepheshe kubalulekile ukuze kufumaniswe lo mhlaza ophuthumayo kwangexesha. I-Skinscanner ingakunceda ukuba ujonge i-lesions ezitsha okanye ezishintshayo phakathi kokuhlangana ne-dermatology, ikunika ithuluzi elisebenzisa i-AI ukuze uqaphele ukukhula okukhathazayo ukuze kuqwalaselwe ngochwepheshe.