Yintoni i-Lentigo Maligna Melanoma?
ILentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) yenye yeentlobo ezine eziphambili ze-cutaneous melanoma, uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu lwe-hautkrebs. Ivela kwi-lentigo maligna, eyindlela ye-melanoma ye-in situ, kuthetha ukuba i-melanocytes ezingalunganga ziqinile kwi-layer ephezulu ye-skin (i-epidermis) kwaye azikangenanga kwiindawo ezinzulu. Xa i-lentigo maligna iqhubeka kwaye iiseli ezimbi zaphula i-basement membrane ziya kwi-dermis, iba yi-lentigo maligna melanoma. Le subtype ibalelwa malunga ne-4-15 percent yeentlobo zonke ze-melanomas kwaye ihlukaniswa ngokuqhubeka kwayo kunye nokonakala kwe-sun okungapheliyo kunokubangela ukuchaphazeleka okuphindaphindiweyo.
Ngubani Osembi Kwi-Risk?
ILentigo maligna melanoma ikakhulu ithinta abantu abadala, kunye neminyaka ephakathi kokuvavanywa ibingama-65 ukuya kuma-70 eminyaka. Ibonakala kakhulu kubantu abanemibala emhlophe, amehlo alula, kunye nomlando wokuchaphazeleka elangeni okukhulu, ngakumbi abo bachithe iminyaka emininzi besebenza okanye bejolise ngaphandle. Le meko ibonakala ngokuqhelekileyo kumadoda kunabafazi, mhlawumbi ngenxa yeempazamo zomlando kwi-chaphazeleka elangeni emsebenzini. Abantu abanemvelaphi yezinye iingozi ezinxulumene nelanga ezifana ne-actinic keratoses, i-solar lentigines, kunye ne-non-melanoma skin cancers bahlala bephakathi kwee-risks eziphezulu.
Ubungakanani kunye Nokuyazi
ILentigo maligna ikhangela ukuba iqale njengephawu eliqhelekileyo, elingalinganiyo, elinombala omdaka okanye omnyama kwi-skin evulindlela elangeni, ikakhulu ebusweni, ezindlebeni, emzimbeni, okanye emathanjeni. Ngexesha, le lesion ikhulisa kancinci kancinci kwaye ingase ibonakale imida engalinganiyo kunye nemibala eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanya imibala emnyama, emnyama, pinki, okanye ng even indawo zokupheliswa kwemibala apho inkqubo yokhuseleko ibhujiswe khona. Umphezulu uhlala ungenamda ngexesha le-phase ye-in situ, engathatha iminyaka okanye ngaphezulu. Ukuba le lesion ithola ingxenye ephezulu, oku kungabonisa ukunyuka kwi-lentigo maligna melanoma engenelela.!!
Ingxaki Yokungena
Ingxaki ebalulekileyo nge-lentigo maligna kukukwazi kwayo ukuhamba ukusuka kwi-lesion ye-in situ iye kwi-melanoma engenelela. Ngelixa i-phase ye-in situ ingathatha iminyaka emininzi, kunye nezinye iilesion zihlala zingekho ngaphakathi iminyaka engama-10 okanye ngaphezulu, akukho ndlela ethembekileyo yokubikezela ukuba ziphi eziza kuhamba. Izifundo zicebisa ukuba malunga ne-5 ukuya kwi-50 percent yeemeko ze-lentigo maligna ziya kuphuhliswa ingxenye engenelela ukuba zingaphathwanga, nangona ububanzi obubanzi bukhombisa ukungaqiniseki kwiincwadi. Nje ukuba ukungena kwenzeka, i-melanoma ifumana ukufikelela kwiivenkile zegazi kunye neendlela ze-lymphatic, idala ithuba lokusabalala kwe-metastatic.
Uphando
Uphando lwe-lentigo maligna kunye ne-lentigo maligna melanoma ludinga umxube wokuhlola kwezempilo kunye nohlolo lwe-histopathological. I-Dermoscopy, indlela esebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo sokwandisa ukujonga iindawo zesikhumba ezingabonakali ngamehlo alula, ingavula iimpawu ezithile ezifana nezikhumbuzo eziphambeneyo, iindawo ezibhalwe ngama-granular, kunye nezakhiwo ze-rhomboidal. I-biopsy ibalulekile ukuze kufumaneke uphando oluchanekileyo, kwaye i-excisional okanye i-biopsy ye-broad shave ikhethwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba kuthathwe isampulu efanelekileyo. Umphandi uhlola i-biopsy ukuze abone ukuba i-melanocytes zikhona kwi-epidermis okanye ziye kwi-dermis.
Iindlela Zokunyanga
Ukwahlula ngokuhamba kukhulu kumphumo ophumelelayo wokunyanga i-lentigo maligna kunye ne-lentigo maligna melanoma. Kwi-sikhumbuzo se-in situ, ukwahlula okukhulu kwendawo enama-millimeter angama-5 ukuya kwangama-10 kuvame ukucetyiswa, nangona ukufezekisa imida ecacileyo kunzima ngenxa yemida engacacanga eqhelekileyo nezi lesion. I-Mohs micrographic surgery okanye iindlela zokwahlula ezihlelwe ziyaqhubeka zisetshenziswa, ngakumbi kwiilesion ezisemva apho ukugcina isikhumba kubalulekile. Kwi-lentigo maligna melanoma engenelela, imida yokwahlula ichongiwe nguBreslow ubungakanani be-tumor, kwaye i-sentinel lymph node biopsy ingacetyiswa kwiituma ezijulile.
Uphando kunye Nokuphila
Uphando lwe-lentigo maligna melanoma luncike kakhulu kumjikelo apho lufumaneka khona. Xa ibanjwe kwi-phase ye-in situ, umphumo wokuphila ophumelelayo kunye nokwahlula okufanelekileyo kukhulu, kufikelela kwi-100 percent.!! Kwi-lentigo maligna melanoma engenelela, uphando luhlala lufana nezinye iimeko ze-melanoma ezine ubukhulu kunye nomjikelo ofanayo, kunye neetuma ezincinci zinephondo elingcono kakhulu.
Umjikelo wokuphila weminyaka emihlanu ye-lentigo maligna melanomas ezincinci uphakathi kokuphakama. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko zokuphinda zenzeka zingaphezulu kunezinye iimeko ze-melanoma ngenxa yokungakwazi ukufezekisa imida ecacileyo kwi-skin evulindlela elangeni.
Ukulandelela kunye noKhangelo lwaMva
Ngenxa yokukhula kancinci kwe-lentigo maligna, ukulandelela rhoqo kubonelela ngexesha elihle lokukhangela ngaphambi kokuba kube nokuhlasela. Nabani na onembali yokuchaphazeleka kakhulu elangeni, ngakumbi abantu abadala abaninzi abanesikhumba esikhanyayo, kufuneka benze uvavanyo lwabo rhoqo bejolise kwiindawo ezimnyama, ezingalinganiyo ezikwi-skin exposed. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba ngochwepheshe nge-dermoscopy kubaluleke kakhulu ekufumaneni utshintsho oluncinci olungaveli emehlweni angazange afundiswe. I-Skinscanner ingaba yithuluzi elibalulekileyo lokulandelela i-lesions ezimnyama ngexesha, ikunceda uqokelele utshintsho kumphakamo, umfanekiso, okanye umbala okumele ubangele ukuvakashela kumgibeli wakho wesikhumba.
