Herpes zoster
Frequency
Common
Age Group
Adults & Elderly
Progression
Acute
Contagious
Yes
Herpes zoster, or shingles, is a painful blistering rash caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. It usually affects one side of the body along a nerve pathway and can lead to long-lasting nerve pain if not treated early.
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Herpes zoster is caused by reactivation of varicella-zoster virus that has been lying dormant in nerve ganglia since a past chickenpox infection. When the immune system weakens or is stressed, the virus can reactivate along a specific nerve and cause the typical one-sided painful rash.
Your risk of shingles increases with age, a weakened immune system, chronic diseases, and certain medications like chemotherapy or long-term steroids. People who have had chickenpox are at risk, and complications are more common in older adults and those with immune suppression.
The main treatment for herpes zoster is early antiviral therapy with drugs like acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir, ideally started within 72 hours of rash onset. Pain control with analgesics, nerve pain medicines, and soothing topical care is crucial, and some people need specific treatment for postherpetic neuralgia.
The most effective way to prevent shingles and its complications is vaccination against herpes zoster, especially for adults over 50. Healthy lifestyle habits and good control of chronic diseases also help keep your immune system strong and lower the risk of reactivation.
You should see a doctor promptly if you suspect shingles, especially if the rash is on your face, near your eye, or if the pain is severe. A doctor can confirm the diagnosis, start antivirals, manage pain, and check for complications like eye damage or postherpetic neuralgia.
Shingles should be evaluated by a doctor within 24–72 hours of rash onset so antiviral treatment can be started early. If the rash is on your face, near your eye, or you feel very unwell, seek urgent same-day or emergency care.
The information provided here is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a dermatologist or physician if you have any concerns.
Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection caused by herpes simplex virus types 1 or 2. It usually shows up as painful blisters and sores on or around the genitals, anus, or nearby skin. The virus stays in the body for life and can flare up again from time to time. Treatment can’t remove the virus, but it can shorten outbreaks, ease symptoms, and reduce the risk of passing it on.
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Chickenpox is a highly contagious infection caused by the varicella zoster virus, usually affecting children. It starts with fever and tiredness, followed by an itchy red rash that turns into fluid-filled blisters and then crusts. In healthy kids it usually clears on its own in about 7–10 days, but it can be dangerous for infants, pregnant women, adults, and people with weak immune systems. After chickenpox, the virus stays in the body and can later cause shingles.
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