I-Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Uhlolo
Iimfuno ezingavami
Iqela leminyaka
Abantu abadala & Abadala
Uphuhliso
Uphuhliso
Uhlanga
Hayibo
I-Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wesikhumba olukhula kumaleko angaphandle esikhumba kwaye lunokungena kwizicubu ezinzulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo iveza indawo enesikali, enekrusti, okanye enenxeba elikhula kancinci kwaye inokutshabalalisa ulusu olungqongileyo ukuba ayinyangwanga ngexesha.
Le ngcaciso ijolise kumphakathi. Ngokuhlola, uya kufumana uhlolo oluchanekileyo, olwenziwe ngokwakho — kubandakanya uhlolo lwezingozi, ukulandela umkhondo, kunye nezenzo ezikhuthazwayo.
Akukho sizathu sinye se-squamous cell carcinoma, kodwa ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwe-UV, imitha, iikhemikhali ezithile, ukulimala kolusu olungapheliyo, kunye nezinye izifo zolusu ezingaqhelekanga zonke zonyusa umngcipheko. Kwezinye iimeko, i-human papillomavirus (HPV) kunye nenkqubo yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka nayo idlala indima.
I-SCC inokubuya emva konyango kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, isasazeke kumaseli omzimba aseduze okanye kwizitho ezikude, ngakumbi xa inkulu, inzulu, okanye ihlala ixesha elide. Abantu abane-SCC enye banethuba eliphezulu lokuphuhlisa olunye umhlaza wesikhumba kwixesha elizayo kwaye bafuna ukuhlolwa kolusu rhoqo.
Unyango oluphambili lwe-squamous cell carcinoma kukususwa ngokupheleleyo komhlaza ngokuhlinzwa okupheleleyo kunye nolusu olusempilweni. Ngokobukhulu, ubunzulu, kunye nendawo, oogqirha banokusebenzisa i-radiotherapy, ukuhlinzwa okukhethekileyo (okufana ne-Mohs), okanye, kwiimeko eziphambili, unyango oluqhelekileyo olufana ne-immunotherapy okanye i-chemotherapy.
Unokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho we-squamous cell carcinoma ngokukhusela ulusu lwakho ekukhanyeni kwe-UV, ukuphepha kwiibhedi zokutshisa, ukuthintela ukulimala kolusu olungapheliyo, kunye nokulandela imigaqo yokhuseleko xa usebenza neekhemikhali okanye imitha ezonakalisa ulusu. Ukuhlolwa okuzimele rhoqo, ukuhlaziywa kolusu lwe-AI kwethu, kunye nokutyelela ngexesha kugqirha wesikhumba kwiindawo ezitshintshayo kubalulekile.
Ukuba uqaphela indawo enesikali esingapheliyo, inhlama ebomvana eqinileyo, okanye isilonda esingapholi kwaye esopha lula, kufuneka ubone ugqirha wolusu okanye ugqirha womhlaza ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Ukuxilongwa kwangethuba ngovavanyo lolusu, i-dermatoscopy, kunye ne-biopsy kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe okanye kuqinisekiswe i-squamous cell carcinoma.
I-squamous cell carcinoma enokwenzeka kufuneka ihlolwe ngugqirha wolusu okanye ugqirha womhlaza phakathi kweentsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiveki ezimbalwa, hayi iinyanga. Hamba ngokukhawuleza (ngaphakathi kweentsuku) ukuba isilonda sikhula ngokukhawuleza, sinenxeba elinzulu, sibuhlungu kakhulu, okanye ukuba amaseli omzimba aseduze aziva emakhulu okanye eqinile.
Ulwazi olunikezelwe apha lwenziwe ngeenjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye aluqhubekisi isikhokelo sezonyango esisebenzayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, cela umphathiswa wezonyango okanye udokotela ukuba unayo nayiphi na imiba.
I-Lentigo melanoma luhlobo lwe-melanoma oluhlala lukhula esikhunjeni esonakele lilanga ebusweni kubantu abadala, rhoqo phezu kwephatshi elide elinsundu elibizwa ngokuba yi-lentigo maligna (Dubreuilh melanosis). Ihlala ikhula kancinci phezu komphezulu iminyaka, kodwa xa iqala ukukhula ngaphakathi iba nobundlobongela, inokusasazeka kumaseli omzimba angaphakathi, kwaye ihlala ifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo lochwephesha.
IMelanoma ngumhlaza wesikhumba onobungozi othuthukayo ovela kumaseli akhiqiza umbala abizwa ngokuba ngama-melanocyte. Ihlala ivela esikhumbeni kodwa inokuthi ivele kwiso, kumambrini amuncu, okanye phantsi kwezipikili. Ukufumanisa kwangoko kunye nokususwa ngokupheleleyo kokuhlinzwa kuphucula kakhulu amathuba okuphila.
I-Actinic keratosis yindawo enobukhali, enezikali esikhunjeni esivezwe lilanga ebangelwa umonakalo we-UV wesikhathi eside. Iqwalaselwa njengotshintsho olungaphambi komhlaza kuba inxalenye encinci ingaba yi-squamous cell carcinoma ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngoko ke ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nonyango kuvame ukucetyiswa.
I-Keratoacanthoma ngumhlaza wesikhumba okhula ngokukhawuleza ovame ukuvela kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo lilanga kubantu abadala abaphakathi naphakathi nabadala. Ibonakala njengobumba olujikelezileyo olunomgogodla we-keratin (into eqinile) kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ingancipha ngokwayo, kodwa kunzima ukuyahlula kwi-squamous cell carcinoma, ngoko oogqirha bahlala beyiphatha njengento enokuthi ibe yingozi.
