I-Actinic keratosis
Uhlolo
Iimfuno ezivamile
Iqela leminyaka
Abantu abadala & Abadala
Uphuhliso
I-chronic
Uhlanga
Hayibo
I-Actinic keratosis yindawo enobukhali, enezikali esikhunjeni esivezwe lilanga ebangelwa umonakalo we-UV wesikhathi eside. Iqwalaselwa njengotshintsho olungaphambi komhlaza kuba inxalenye encinci ingaba yi-squamous cell carcinoma ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngoko ke ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nonyango kuvame ukucetyiswa.
Le ngcaciso ijolise kumphakathi. Ngokuhlola, uya kufumana uhlolo oluchanekileyo, olwenziwe ngokwakho — kubandakanya uhlolo lwezingozi, ukulandela umkhondo, kunye nezenzo ezikhuthazwayo.
Imbangela ephambili ye-actinic keratosis kukuchayeka kwexesha elide kwimitha ye-UV evela elangeni okanye kwiibhendi zokutshisa, ezonakalisa kancinci kancinci iiseli zesikhumba. Isikhumba esifair, ubudala, ukungatheleleki kakuhle, kunye nezinye iikhemikhali okanye imitha yonyusa umngcipheko.
I-Actinic keratosis yimeko ephambi komhlaza, kwaye inxalenye yezilonda ingashintsha ibe yi-squamous cell carcinoma ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuba nezilonda ezininzi okanye ezinkulu, ezivuthayo kuphinde kubonise umngcipheko omkhulu womhlaza wesikhumba esiseduze esonakele lilanga.
Unyango luhlala ludibanisa ukhuseleko olomeleleyo elangeni kunye nokususa okanye ukubhubhisa iindawo ezonakeleyo usebenzisa iindlela ezifana nokubanda, i-laser, amakhrimu, okanye i-photodynamic therapy. Ukukhetha okuqondile kuxhomekeke ekubeni unazo izilonda ezingaphi, zibukeka njani, nokuba ngaba umhlaza usolakala, okungafuna i-biopsy okanye ukususwa kokuhlinzwa.
Uthintelo olungcono kakhulu kukhuseleko elangeni ubomi bonke: nciphisa ilanga eliqinileyo, gwema iibhedi zokutshisa, sebenzisa i-SPF 30+ sunscreen, kwaye unxibe izigqoko kunye neengubo ezimbozayo. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba okuzenzela rhoqo kunye nokususwa kwangoko kweendawo ezisolisayo nako kunceda ukuthintela inkqubela phambili kumhlaza wesikhumba.
Kufanele ubone ugqirha wesikhumba nganoma iyiphi indawo enezikali, ebukhali esikhunjeni esivezwe lilanga, ikakhulu ukuba ikhula, iyanqwabelana, ibuhlungu, okanye iyopha. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kubalulekile kuba i-actinic keratosis yimeko ephambi komhlaza kwaye izilonda ezintsha zihlala zivela ngokuhamba kwexesha.
I-Actinic keratosis ayiyongxamiseko, kodwa kufuneka ubone ugqirha wesikhumba kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ukuze kufumaneke isimo kunye nonyango, ngakumbi ukuba unama-lesions amaninzi okanye nayiphi na indawo ekhula, ebuhlungu, okanye ephuma igazi.
Ulwazi olunikezelwe apha lwenziwe ngeenjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye aluqhubekisi isikhokelo sezonyango esisebenzayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, cela umphathiswa wezonyango okanye udokotela ukuba unayo nayiphi na imiba.
I-Lentigo melanoma luhlobo lwe-melanoma oluhlala lukhula esikhunjeni esonakele lilanga ebusweni kubantu abadala, rhoqo phezu kwephatshi elide elinsundu elibizwa ngokuba yi-lentigo maligna (Dubreuilh melanosis). Ihlala ikhula kancinci phezu komphezulu iminyaka, kodwa xa iqala ukukhula ngaphakathi iba nobundlobongela, inokusasazeka kumaseli omzimba angaphakathi, kwaye ihlala ifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo lochwephesha.
IMelanoma ngumhlaza wesikhumba onobungozi othuthukayo ovela kumaseli akhiqiza umbala abizwa ngokuba ngama-melanocyte. Ihlala ivela esikhumbeni kodwa inokuthi ivele kwiso, kumambrini amuncu, okanye phantsi kwezipikili. Ukufumanisa kwangoko kunye nokususwa ngokupheleleyo kokuhlinzwa kuphucula kakhulu amathuba okuphila.
I-Keratoacanthoma ngumhlaza wesikhumba okhula ngokukhawuleza ovame ukuvela kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo lilanga kubantu abadala abaphakathi naphakathi nabadala. Ibonakala njengobumba olujikelezileyo olunomgogodla we-keratin (into eqinile) kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ingancipha ngokwayo, kodwa kunzima ukuyahlula kwi-squamous cell carcinoma, ngoko oogqirha bahlala beyiphatha njengento enokuthi ibe yingozi.
I-Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wesikhumba olukhula kumaleko angaphandle esikhumba kwaye lunokungena kwizicubu ezinzulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo iveza indawo enesikali, enekrusti, okanye enenxeba elikhula kancinci kwaye inokutshabalalisa ulusu olungqongileyo ukuba ayinyangwanga ngexesha.
