Trichomycosis is caused by dermatophyte fungi, mainly Microsporum and Trichophyton species, that invade the hair shaft and follicles. Infection usually spreads through direct skin contact, contact with infected animals, or shared items like combs, hats, towels, or razors.
Children, people in close-contact groups, and men who shave or trim beards frequently are at higher risk of trichomycosis. Contact with infected pets or farm animals, sharing hair tools, and a weakened immune system also increase the chance of infection and recurrences.
Trichomycosis is treated mainly with systemic antifungal medicines such as griseofulvin, terbinafine, or itraconazole, often for several weeks. Local creams, medicated shampoos, careful shaving or clipping, and hygiene measures help clear the fungus and prevent spread, and early treatment lowers the risk of permanent hair loss.