Yini Ebangela Amabala Amnyama Futhi Ubani Abawathola
Amabala amnyama esikhumbeni avela lapho ama-melanocytes, amangqamuzana abhekele ukukhiqizwa kwe-pigment, ekhiqiza i-melanin eningi endaweni egxilile. Ukukhanya kwelanga kuyisizathu esivamile kakhulu. Ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin njengokuphendula kokuvikela, kodwa le nqubo ingaba nengxenye, okuholela kumabala elanga noma ama-solar lentigines avele ezindaweni ezithintekayo isikhathi eside njengebuso, izandla, nezandla zangaphambili.
I-post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation ithuthukiswa ngemuva kokulimala kwesikhumba njengokwe-acne, ukushiswa, ukusika, noma ukuvela kwe-eczema, futhi ithinta abantu abanemibala yesikhumba emnyama kakhulu. I-melasma ikhiqiza amapheshana amakhulu, alinganayo okukhanya okumbala noma okumpunga, ikakhulukazi ebusweni, ematheni, nasemlonyeni ophakeme, futhi ixhumene kakhulu nezinguquko ze-hormonal ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ukusetshenziswa kwezokuthola. Noma iningi lamabala amnyama alula izinkinga zokubukeka, noma yisiphi isikhumba esisha esinobubanzi obungajwayelekile, imibala eminingi, noma esikhula kufanele sihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akukhona i-melanoma.!!
Amabala eminyaka, naphezu kwegama lawo, awadalwa ukuguga uqobo kodwa ngenxa yokulimala kokukhanya kwelanga eminyakeni, yingakho ebizwa ngokunembile njenge-solar lentigines. Ezinye izidakamizwa ezifaka phakathi ama-tetracyclines, ama-antimalarials, kanye nezinye izidakamizwa ze-chemotherapy zingadala i-hyperpigmentation edalwe yizidakamizwa. I-genetics nayo idlala indima, nabanye abantu benokuthambekela okungafani kokukhanya kunabanye ngaphandle kokubhekwa kokukhanya kwelanga.
Izindlela Eziqinisekisiwe Zokufiphaza Amabala Amnyama
Ukufiphaza amabala amnyama kudinga ukubekezela, ukuhambisana, nokuvikela elangeni. Akukho ndlela yokwelapha ezophumelela uma uqhubeka nokubeka izindawo ezithintekayo ekukhanyeni kwe-UV ngaphandle kokuvikela elangeni, ngoba ilanga lizophinda likhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin. I-SPF 30 noma ngaphezulu esebenziswe nsuku zonke iyisisekelo esingashintshi sokuhlelwa kokwelapha amabala amnyama.
Izindlela zokwelapha ezithambile zenza umugqa wokuqala wokuvikela. Ama-serums e-Vitamin C anokugxila okungu-10 kuya ku-20 percent akhawulela i-enzime tyrosinase, ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni i-melanin, futhi anikeza ukuvikelwa kwe-antioxidant. I-Niacinamide enokugxila okungu-5 percent iboniswe ukuthi inciphisa ukudluliswa kwe-melanin kumangqamuzana esikhumba futhi iyamukelwa kahle yizinhlobo eziningi zesikhumba.
I-Alpha arbutin iyindlela ethambile yokuphikisa i-hydroquinone evimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin ngaphandle kokubangela ukuvuvukala. Ama-retinoids akhuthaza ukujikeleza kwamangqamuzana, eza namangqamuzana amasha angapigmented phezulu ngokushesha. Ukusebenzisa njalo nsuku zonke i-sunscreen ehlanganiswe ne-serum ye-Vitamin C kunganciphisa amabala amnyama ngama-30 kuya kwama-40 percent phakathi kwezinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kwezishiyagalombili.!!
Ukuze uthole i-hyperpigmentation eqinile, izindlela zobuchwepheshe zinikeza imiphumela eqinile. Ama-chemical peels asebenzisa i-glycolic noma i-trichloroacetic acid akhipha amangqamuzana apigmented phezulu ngendlela elawulwayo. Izindlela ze-laser ezifana ne-intense pulsed light noma ama-laser e-fractal zingaqondisa kumagcobo e-melanin ezindaweni ezijulile zesikhumba.
I-Microneedling ikhuthaza ukuhlela kwe-collagen futhi ithuthukisa ukungena kwezithako zokukhanyisa ezithambile. Qiniseka ukuthi uxhumana nodokotela wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokulandela izindlela zobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi uma unombala wesikhumba omnyama, njengoba ezinye izinqubo zinezingcuphe zokwenza i-hyperpigmentation ibe worse uma zingaqhutshwa kahle.
