I-Actinic keratosis
Imvamisa
Ejwayelekile
Iqembu Leminyaka
Abantu Abadala & Abadala
Intuthuko
Chronic
Kuyasabalala
Cha
I-Actinic keratosis iyindawo enobukhali, enezikali esikhunjeni esivezwe yilanga ebangelwa umonakalo we-UV wesikhathi eside. Kubhekwa njengoshintsho olungaphambi komdlavuza ngoba ingxenye encane ingashintsha ibe yi-squamous cell carcinoma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa okuvamile nokwelashwa kuvame ukunconywa.
Lena ulwazi jikelele. Ngehlolo uzothola ukuhlaziywa okunembile, okwenziwe ngokwezifiso — kuhlanganise nokuhlola ingcuphe, ukulandelela intuthuko nezinyathelo eziphakanyisiwe.
Imbangela enkulu ye-actinic keratosis ukuvezwa kwesikhathi eside emisebeni ye-UV evela elangeni noma emibhedeni yokushuka, okonakalisa kancane kancane amaseli esikhumba. Isikhumba esifair, iminyaka emidala, ukungatheleleki kahle, nezinye amakhemikhali noma imisebe kwandisa ingozi.
I-Actinic keratosis iyisimo esingaphambi komdlavuza, futhi ingxenye yezilonda ingashintsha ibe yi-squamous cell carcinoma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuba nezilonda eziningi noma ezinkulu, ezivuthayo kuphinde kubonise ingozi enkulu yomdlavuza wesikhumba esiseduze esonakele yilanga.
Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuhlanganisa ukuvikelwa elangeni okuqinile nokususa noma ukubhubhisa izindawo ezonakele usebenzisa izindlela ezifana nokubanda, i-laser, amakhrimu, noma i-photodynamic therapy. Ukukhetha okuqondile kuncike ekutheni unazo izilonda ezingaki, zibukeka kanjani, nokuthi ngabe umdlavuza usolakala yini, okungase kudinge i-biopsy noma ukususwa kokuhlinzwa.
Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha lukhona ngenhloso yokufundisa kuphela futhi alukhulumi iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele. Ngaso sonke isikhathi xhumana nodokotela wezokwelapha noma udokotela uma unokukhathazeka.
I-Lentigo melanoma iwuhlobo lwe-melanoma evamise ukuthuthuka esikhunjeni esonakele ilanga ebusweni kubantu abadala, ngokuvamile phezu kwepheshana elinsundu elibizwa ngokuthi i-lentigo maligna (Dubreuilh melanosis). Ivame ukukhula kancane ebusweni iminyaka, kodwa uma isiqala ukukhula ijule iba nobudlova, ingasakazeka kumaseli omzimba angaphakathi, futhi ihlale idinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha kochwepheshe.
IMelanoma ngumdlavuza wesikhumba ononya othuthuka kusuka kumaseli akhiqiza umbala abizwa ngokuthi ama-melanocyte. Ivame ukuvela esikhumbeni kodwa ingavela futhi esweni, kumambrani amuncu, noma ngaphansi kwezinzipho. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokususwa ngokuphelele kokuhlinzwa kuthuthukisa kakhulu amathuba okwelashwa.
Ukuvimbela okuhamba phambili ukuvikelwa elangeni impilo yonke: nciphisa ilanga eliqinile, gwema imibhede yokushuka, sebenzisa i-SPF 30+ sunscreen, futhi ugqoke izigqoko nezingubo ezimbozayo. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba okuzenzela okuvamile nokususwa kusenesikhathi kwezindawo ezisolisayo nakho kusiza ukuvimbela ukuthuthuka komdlavuza wesikhumba.
Kufanele ubone udokotela wesikhumba nganoma iyiphi indawo enezikali, ebukhali esikhunjeni esivezwe yilanga, ikakhulukazi uma ikhula, iyanqwabelana, ibuhlungu, noma iyopha. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kubalulekile ngoba i-actinic keratosis iyisimo esingaphambi komdlavuza futhi izilonda ezintsha zivame ukuvela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-Actinic keratosis akuyona into ephuthumayo, kodwa kufanele ubone udokotela wesikhumba ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya ezinyangeni ukuze kutholwe isimo nokwelashwa, ikakhulukazi uma unama-lesions amaningi noma noma iyiphi indawo ekhula, ebuhlungu, noma ephuma igazi.
I-Keratoacanthoma iwumdlavuza wesikhumba okhula ngokushesha ovame ukuvela ezindaweni ezithintekile yilanga kubantu abadala abaphakathi naphakathi nabadala. Ibonakala njengobhampa oyindilinga onomgogodla we-keratin (okuyinto eqinile) futhi kwesinye isikhathi ingancipha ngokwayo, kodwa kunzima ukuyihlukanisa ne-squamous cell carcinoma, ngakho odokotela bavame ukuyiphatha njengento engase ibe yingozi.
