I-Lentigo maligna melanoma
Imvamisa
Ezithile
Iqembu Leminyaka
Abantu Abadala & Abadala
Intuthuko
Iphakeme
Kuyasabalala
Cha
I-Lentigo melanoma iwuhlobo lwe-melanoma evamise ukuthuthuka esikhunjeni esonakele ilanga ebusweni kubantu abadala, ngokuvamile phezu kwepheshana elinsundu elibizwa ngokuthi i-lentigo maligna (Dubreuilh melanosis). Ivame ukukhula kancane ebusweni iminyaka, kodwa uma isiqala ukukhula ijule iba nobudlova, ingasakazeka kumaseli omzimba angaphakathi, futhi ihlale idinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha kochwepheshe.
Lena ulwazi jikelele. Ngehlolo uzothola ukuhlaziywa okunembile, okwenziwe ngokwezifiso — kuhlanganise nokuhlola ingcuphe, ukulandelela intuthuko nezinyathelo eziphakanyisiwe.
I-Lentigo melanoma ivamise ukubangelwa umonakalo welanga wesikhathi eside esikhumbeni, ikakhulukazi ebusweni, okuholela ekuguqukeni okubi kumaseli ombala ngaphakathi kwepheshana elikhona elibizwa ngokuthi i-lentigo maligna. Ukuzalwa, isikhumba esikhanyayo, kanye nokuncipha kokuvikela komzimba kumdlavuza nakho kudlala indima ekutheni ubani othuthukisa lolu hlobo lwe-melanoma.
I-Lentigo melanoma inobungozi obukhulu bokuphindaphinda endaweni kanye nokusabalala kumaseli omzimba angaphakathi uma ihlasela izingqimba zesikhumba ezijulile. Ingozi iphakeme kubantu abadala, abanesikhumba esikhanyayo abavezwe ilanga isikhathi eside, umlando wokushiswa yilanga, noma i-melanoma yangaphambilini.
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-lentigo melanoma ukusikwa okubanzi kokuhlinzwa ngamagumbi okuphepha, kwesinye isikhathi kuhlanganiswe nokuhlinzwa kwamagciwane uma ukusabalala kusolakala. Ezimweni ezithuthukile, ukwelashwa okwengeziwe okufana nokwelashwa komzimba, ukwelashwa okuqondisiwe, ukwelashwa ngomuthi, noma ukwelashwa ngamagciwane kungasetshenziswa, kuyilapho izindlela zokubhujiswa kwendawo ezifana ne-laser noma ukubanda azifanele leli dlavuza.
Unganciphisa ingozi yakho ye-lentigo melanoma ngokuvikela isikhumba sakho kumonakalo welanga wesikhathi eside, ugweme ukushiswa yilanga, futhi unciphise ukucasuka okuqhubekayo kwepheshana elinsundu. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba njalo, ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kokuhlaziywa kwesikhumba sethu se-AI, kanye nezivakashi ezisheshayo kudokotela wesikhumba nganoma iyiphi indawo eshintshayo kubalulekile ukutholwa kusenesikhathi.
Noma yisiphi isisulu se-lentigo melanoma kufanele sihlolwe ngudokotela wesikhumba noma udokotela we-oncologist ngokushesha okukhulu, kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emasontweni ambalwa. Ukuhlaziywa kwesikhumba sethu se-AI kuyasiza ekuqapheni okuvamile, kodwa akukwazi ukufaka esikhundleni sokuhlolwa mathupha, i-dermatoscopy, kanye ne-biopsy uma i-melanoma isolisayo.
I-Lentigo melanoma engenzeka kufanele iphathwe njengokuphuthumayo: hlela ukuvakashela udokotela wesikhumba noma udokotela we-oncologist phakathi nezinsuku kuya, okungenani, isonto elingu-1-2, futhi ngokushesha uma kukhona ukopha, ukuvuvukala, noma umbala oshintsha ngokushesha noma usayizi.
Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha lukhona ngenhloso yokufundisa kuphela futhi alukhulumi iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele. Ngaso sonke isikhathi xhumana nodokotela wezokwelapha noma udokotela uma unokukhathazeka.
I-Actinic keratosis iyindawo enobukhali, enezikali esikhunjeni esivezwe yilanga ebangelwa umonakalo we-UV wesikhathi eside. Kubhekwa njengoshintsho olungaphambi komdlavuza ngoba ingxenye encane ingashintsha ibe yi-squamous cell carcinoma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa okuvamile nokwelashwa kuvame ukunconywa.
IMelanoma ngumdlavuza wesikhumba ononya othuthuka kusuka kumaseli akhiqiza umbala abizwa ngokuthi ama-melanocyte. Ivame ukuvela esikhumbeni kodwa ingavela futhi esweni, kumambrani amuncu, noma ngaphansi kwezinzipho. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokususwa ngokuphelele kokuhlinzwa kuthuthukisa kakhulu amathuba okwelashwa.
I-Keratoacanthoma iwumdlavuza wesikhumba okhula ngokushesha ovame ukuvela ezindaweni ezithintekile yilanga kubantu abadala abaphakathi naphakathi nabadala. Ibonakala njengobhampa oyindilinga onomgogodla we-keratin (okuyinto eqinile) futhi kwesinye isikhathi ingancipha ngokwayo, kodwa kunzima ukuyihlukanisa ne-squamous cell carcinoma, ngakho odokotela bavame ukuyiphatha njengento engase ibe yingozi.
I-Basal cell carcinoma iwuhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba oluvame kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile lukhula kancane kakhulu ngengozi ephansi yokusabalala kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Iphinde ibangele ukonakala kwendawo yesikhumba nezicubu ezijulile uma inganakwa, ngakho-ke ukutholakala kusenesikhathi nokususwa ngokuphelele kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale umphumela omuhle.
I-Melanoma ibulala umuntu oyedwa ngehora. Kodwa uma ibanjwe kusenesikhathi, izinga lokuphila lidlula u-99%. Funda ukuthi ungabazi kanjani izimpawu zokuxwayisa ngaphambi kokuba kube sekwedlule.
Izikhumba zokuguga, ezaziwa kakhulu njengezikhumba zokuguga noma izikhumba zelanga, yizikhumba ezimnyama ezishisayo ezibangelwa iminyaka yokub exposure ku-solar. Funda ngalezi zinhlobo ezihlukene, indlela yokuhlukanisa phakathi kwazo nezimo ezinzima, kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo.
