I-Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Imvamisa
Ezingajwayelekile
Iqembu Leminyaka
Abantu Abadala & Abadala
Intuthuko
Iphakeme
Kuyasabalala
Cha
I-Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) iwuhlobo oluvamile lomhlaza wesikhumba olukhula kusuka ungqimba lwangaphandle lwesikhumba futhi lungangena ezicutshini ezijulile. Ngokuvamile iveza indawo enesikali, enekrusti, noma enenxeba elikhula kancane futhi ingabhubhisa isikhumba esiseduze uma ingelashwa ngesikhathi.
Lena ulwazi jikelele. Ngehlolo uzothola ukuhlaziywa okunembile, okwenziwe ngokwezifiso — kuhlanganise nokuhlola ingcuphe, ukulandelela intuthuko nezinyathelo eziphakanyisiwe.
Ayikho imbangela eyodwa ye-squamous cell carcinoma, kodwa ukuvezwa isikhathi eside kwe-UV, imisebe, amakhemikhali athile, ukulimala kwesikhumba okungapheli, nezinye izifo zesikhumba ezingavamile konke kukhuphula ingozi. Kwezinye izimo, i-human papillomavirus (HPV) kanye nesistimu yokuzivikela ebuthakathaka nakho kudlala indima.
I-SCC ingabuya ngemva kokwelashwa futhi, kwezinye izimo, isakazeke kumaseli omzimba aseduze noma izitho ezikude, ikakhulukazi uma inkulu, ijulile, noma ihlala isikhathi eside. Abantu abane-SCC eyodwa banethuba eliphakeme lokuthuthukisa omunye umdlavuza wesikhumba esikhathini esizayo futhi badinga ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba njalo.
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-squamous cell carcinoma ukususa ngokuphelele umdlavuza ngokuhlinzwa okuphelele nesikhumba esinempilo. Ngokwesayizi, ukujula, nendawo, odokotela bangase futhi basebenzise i-radiotherapy, ukuhlinzwa okukhethekile (okufana ne-Mohs), noma, ezimweni ezithuthukile, ukwelashwa okujwayelekile okufana ne-immunotherapy noma i-chemotherapy.
Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha lukhona ngenhloso yokufundisa kuphela futhi alukhulumi iseluleko sezokwelapha esifanele. Ngaso sonke isikhathi xhumana nodokotela wezokwelapha noma udokotela uma unokukhathazeka.
I-Actinic keratosis iyindawo enobukhali, enezikali esikhunjeni esivezwe yilanga ebangelwa umonakalo we-UV wesikhathi eside. Kubhekwa njengoshintsho olungaphambi komdlavuza ngoba ingxenye encane ingashintsha ibe yi-squamous cell carcinoma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa okuvamile nokwelashwa kuvame ukunconywa.
I-Lentigo melanoma iwuhlobo lwe-melanoma evamise ukuthuthuka esikhunjeni esonakele ilanga ebusweni kubantu abadala, ngokuvamile phezu kwepheshana elinsundu elibizwa ngokuthi i-lentigo maligna (Dubreuilh melanosis). Ivame ukukhula kancane ebusweni iminyaka, kodwa uma isiqala ukukhula ijule iba nobudlova, ingasakazeka kumaseli omzimba angaphakathi, futhi ihlale idinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha kochwepheshe.
Unganciphisa ingozi yakho ye-squamous cell carcinoma ngokuvikela isikhumba sakho ekukhanyeni kwe-UV, ugweme imibhede yokushuka, uvikele ukulimala kwesikhumba okungapheli, futhi ulandele imithetho yokuphepha uma usebenza namakhemikhali noma imisebe elilimaza isikhumba. Ukuhlolwa okuzimele njalo, ukuhlaziywa kwesikhumba kwe-AI kwethu, nokuvakashela ngesikhathi kudokotela wesikhumba ngezindawo ezishintshayo kubalulekile.
Uma ubona indawo enesikali esingapheli, inhlama ebomvana eqinile, noma isilonda esingapholi futhi esopha kalula, kufanele ubone udokotela wesikhumba noma udokotela womdlavuza ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi ngohlelo lokuhlola isikhumba, i-dermatoscopy, kanye ne-biopsy kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe noma kuqedwe i-squamous cell carcinoma.
I-squamous cell carcinoma engenzeka kufanele ihlolwe udokotela wesikhumba noma udokotela womdlavuza phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emasontweni ambalwa, hhayi izinyanga. Hamba ngokushesha (ngaphakathi kwezinsuku) uma isilonda sikhula ngokushesha, sinenxeba elijulile, sibuhlungu kakhulu, noma uma amaseli omzimba aseduze ezwakala esikhulu noma eqinile.
IMelanoma ngumdlavuza wesikhumba ononya othuthuka kusuka kumaseli akhiqiza umbala abizwa ngokuthi ama-melanocyte. Ivame ukuvela esikhumbeni kodwa ingavela futhi esweni, kumambrani amuncu, noma ngaphansi kwezinzipho. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokususwa ngokuphelele kokuhlinzwa kuthuthukisa kakhulu amathuba okwelashwa.
